Hello Kolkata Medical Desk
ORGAN DONATION IN INDIA AND FEW
COMMON QUESTIONNAIRES AMONGST PEOPLE
PROF. DR. PRASANTA
KUMAR BHATTACHARYYA, PLASTIC SURGERY,KPC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL KOLKATA.
Organ donation in India is regulated by the Transplantation
of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994. The law allows both deceased and living
donors to donate their organs. It also identifies brain death as a form of
death.The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO) functions
as the apex body for activities of relating to procurement, allotment and
distribution of organs in the country.
Regional
Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (ROTTO):
ROTTO States & UTs covered:-
1. King Edward Memorial
Hospital and Seth Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra.: It covers Maharashtra,
Gujarat, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Madhya Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh.
2. Government
Multispecialty Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu: It covers Tamil Nadu,
Kerala, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Pondicherry, Andaman &
Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep.
3. Institute of PG
Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal: It covers West
Bengal, Jharkhand, Sikkim, Bihar and Odisha.
4. PGIMER Chandigarh:
It covers Chandigarh, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir,
Chandigarh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
5. Guwahati Medical
College, Assam: It covers Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur,
Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura.
6. Non-Government Organisations:
a.
Apex Kidney Foundation
b.
Gift Your Organ
c.
MOHAN Foundation
d.
Narmada Kidney Foundation
e.
Shatayu
Statistics
A large majority of organ donations in India are from live
donors.Cadaver donations represent only about five percent of all donations.For
about 160,000 patients in need of organs, only 12,000 donors are available.
Factors such as lack of awareness (about brain death), religious beliefs, and
inadequate transplantation centers affect the country's organ donation program.
Procedure and Requirements
The only way a deceased donor may be considered for organ
donation is after he or she has been declared dead. The donor's family must
authorize the donation. Organs may not be procured without the family's
consent, even if the person is listed as a donor on his or her driver's license
How long after death can you donate organs?
The vital organs quickly become unusable for
transplantation. But their tissues – such as bone, skin, heart valves and
corneas – can be donated within the first 24 hours of death.
What is the process of organ donation after death?
The surgical team removes the organs and tissues from the
donor's body in an operating room. First, organs are recovered, and then
additional authorized tissues such as bone, cornea, and skin. All incisions are
surgically closed. Organ donation does not interfere with open-casket funerals.
Should organ donation be encouraged after death?
By donating your organs and tissue after you die, you can
save or improve as many as 75 lives. Many families say that knowing their loved
one helped save or improve other lives helped them cope with their loss. It's
especially important to consider becoming an organ donor if you belong to an
ethnic minority.
What organs get donated when you die?
Deceased organ donors can donate: kidneys (2), liver, lungs
(2), heart, pancreas, and intestines. In 2014, hands and faces were added to
the organ transplant list. Living organ donors can donate: one kidney, a lung,
or a portion of the liver, pancreas, or intestine.
What organs Cannot be donated?
As far as my knowledge goes, being a doctor, I guess brain
is the only organ that is not possible to be transplanted as per today's
knowledge n technology. Other than that almost everything can be transplanted- heart,
skin, liver, kidney etc.
Can I donate my heart while still alive?
You can be sure to sign your donor card and let your family
and friends know your wishes, but no you can not donate your heart before
death. Unlike kidneys (you have 2 so you can live with 1) and bone marrow which
can be donated while still alive it is different with the heart.
Why can't the brain be transplanted?
Due to the human body's need for motor functions, only a
partial brain transplant is possible. The Sunken Place is essential to
suppressing the conscious minds of the hosts while the brain tissue is
implanted into their skulls.
What is the most donated organ?
Kidneys
Kidneys are the most common organs donated by living donors.
Other organs that can be donated by a living donor include a lobe of a lung,
partial liver, pancreas or intestine.
How many organs can you donate after death?
Over 700,000 transplants have occurred in the U.S. since
1988. Organs that can be donated after death are the heart, liver, kidneys,
lungs, pancreas and small intestines. Tissues include corneas, skin, veins,
heart valves, tendons, ligaments and bones
What organ can grow back?
Regeneration means the regrowth of a damaged or missing
organ part from the remaining tissue. As adults, humans can regenerate some
organs, such as the liver. If part of the liver is lost by disease or injury, the
liver grows back to its original size, though not its original shape.
How long does the heart stay alive after death?
Blood circulation can be stopped in the entire body below
the heart for at least 30 minutes, with injury to the spinal cord being a limiting
factor. Detached limbs may be successfully reattached after 6 hours of no blood
circulation at warm temperatures. Bone, tendon, and skin can survive as long as
8 to 12 hours.
Which body part dies last when you die?
The brainstem is the part of the brain where the body's
vital functions are controlled - the breathing, the heart, the brain itself; it
is the computer room of the body. If that bit of the brain is dead, then the
person is essentially dead. You can still have reflex actions, so you may twitch
after death.
Can dead bodies sweat?
Their bodies don't decompose and they are warm to the touch;
their stomachs rumble, their wounds heal and their guts can digest food. They
can have heart attacks, catch a fever and suffer from bedsores. They can blush
and sweat – they can even have babies.
What are 5 physical signs of impending death?
Five Physical Signs that Death is Nearing
Loss of Appetite. As the body shuts down, energy needs
decline. ...
Increased Physical Weakness. ...
Labored Breathing. ...
Changes in Urination. ...
Swelling to Feet, Ankles and Hands.
What are the 7 stages of dealing with death?
These seven stages include:
Shock and denial. This is a state of disbelief and numbed
feelings.
Pain and guilt. ...
Anger and bargaining. ...
Depression. ...
The upward turn.....
Reconstruction and working through. ...
Acceptance and hope.....
